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.Select local time if you use another operating system like MS-DOS or Microsoft Windows.UNIX systems keep GMT time on the system clock and use software which converts itto the local time.This allows them to keep track of daylight savings time and leap years,and even allows users who are logged in from other time zones to individually set the timezone on their terminal.If you run the system clock on GMT and your locality uses daylightsavings time, the system adjusts for daylight savings time properly on the days it starts andends.Configure the network.You must configure the network even if you don t have one,but you only have to answer the first two questions:What is the name of your computer?Is your system connected to a network?If you are connected to a network, check with your system administrator or ISP vendor ifyou don t know the following information:your computer s host name;your computer s or ISP s domain name;your computer s IP address;the netmask to use with your network;the IP address of your network;the broadcast address to use on your network;if your network has a gateway, the IP address of the default gateway system to whichyou should route packets;the system on your network to use for Domain Name Service (DNS); andwhether you connect to the network using Ethernet.The program will guess that the network IP address is the bitwise AND of your sys-tem s IP address and netmask.It will guess that the broadcast address is the bitwise ORof your system s IP address with the bitwise negation of the netmask.It will guess that Debian GNU/Linux 63your gateway system is also your DNS server.If you can t find any of these answers,use the system s guesses if necessary, you can alter them after installation by editing the/etc/init.d/networkfile.Make the hard disk bootable.If you choose to make the hard disk boot directly toLinux, you are asked to install a master boot record.If you aren t using a boot manager(this is probably the case if you don t know what a boot manager is), answer yes to thisquestion.The next question is whether you want to boot Linux automatically from the harddisk when you turn on the system.This sets Linux to be the bootable partition the onethat will be loaded from the hard disk.If you answer no to this question, you can set thebootable partition later using the MS-DOSFDISK.EXEprogram, or the Linuxfdiskoractivateprograms.Make a boot floppy.You should make a boot floppy even if you intend to boot thesystem from the hard disk.The reason for this is that it s possible for the hard disk bootstrapto be installed incorrectly.A boot floppy will almost always work.SelectMake a Boot Floppyfrom the menu and feed the system a blank floppy as directed.Make sure that the floppyisn t write protected.The software attempts to format and write it.Mark this diskette the Custom Boot floppy and write-protect it once it has been written.The moment of truth.This is what electrical engineers call the smoke test whathappens when you power up a new system for the first time.Remove the floppy disk fromthe floppy drive and selectReboot the Systemfrom the menu.If the Linux system doesn t start up, insert the Custom Boot floppy youcreated in the previous step and reset the system.Linux should boot.You should see thesame messages as when you first booted the installation boot floppy, followed by some newmessages.Add a user account and password.After you ve added logins, (Chapter 4 discussesthis in some detail), you are dropped into dselect, the Debian package managementprogram.3 You should read the tutorial before attempting to install packages withdselect. 64 Obtaining and Installing Linuxdselect allows you to select the packages that you want installed on your system.The Debian package management software is described in detail starting on page 64.Ifyou have a CD-ROM or hard disk with the additional Debian packages or are connected tothe Internet, you may want to read that section now.Otherwise, exitdselect.You canuse the package management software after you have transferred the Debian package filesto your system.3 You must be the superuser (root) to usedselect.3 If you install the X Window System and do not use a US keyboard, read the X11Release note for non-US keyboards.Log in.After you exitdselect, you are at thelogin: prompt.Log in using thepersonal login and password you selected.Your system is ready to use.2.3.5 Running Debian GNU/Linux.This section describes the Debian packaging system and Debian-specific utilities.TheDebian/GNU LinuxPackagesfile format is shown in the table on page 65.Debian distributions come in archives called packages.Every package is a collectionof files (programs, usually) that can be installed usingdpkgordselect.In addition, thepackage contains some information about itself that is read by the installation utilities.Package classifications.The packages that are included with Debian GNU/Linux areclassified according to how essential they are (priority) and their functionality (section).The priority of a package indicates how essential or necessary it is.Debian GNU/Linuxclassifies all packages into four different priority levels:Required.These packages must be installed for the system to operate correctly andhave been installed as part of the base system.3 Never remove a required package from the system unless you are absolutely sure ofwhat you are doing.This bears repeating: Never, never, never remove a required pack-age from the system unless you are absolutely sure of what you are doing.It is likelythat doing so will render your system completely unusable.Required packages are abbreviated indselectasReq. Debian GNU/Linux 65Package Package NamePriority Package ImportanceRequired Should be installed for proper systemoperation.Important Not required but important.Optional Not necessary but useful.Extra Package may conflict with other packageswith higher priorities.Section General CategoryBase Base system.Devel Development tools.X11 Packages for the X Window System.Admin Administration utilities.Doc Documentation.Comm Various communication utilities.Editors Various editors.Electronics Electronics utilities.Games Games.(You knew that, didn t you?)Graphics Graphics utilities.Hamradio Ytilities for Internet radio.Mail Email clients and servers.Math Mathematics utilities.(Like calculators,etc.)Net Various tools to connect to the network(usually TCP/IP).News Servers and clients for Internet news (NNTP).Shells Shells, such astcshandbash.Sound Any sound application (like audio CDplayers).TeX Anything that can read, write, and convertTEX.Text Applications to manipulate texts (likenroff).Misc Everything else that doesn t fit above.Maintainer Name of the person who maintains the package and his or her e-mailaddress.Version Version of the package in the format upstream-version debian-version.Depends A list of other packages upon which the current package depends andwill not function without.Recommends Another level of package dependencies it is strongly recommended thepackages listed in this field be installed if this package is to be used.Suggests Packages listed in this field may be useful to the packages this entrydescribes.Filename File name of the package via FTP or CD-ROM.MS-DOS-Filename File name of the package in short DOS format [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ]